Daily Current Affairs — 3 October 2026
· 13 min read · TS Police Hub (Anvil Edtech)
Gujarat's Uniform Civil Code Act gets the President's assent; UPSC completes 100 years; CAG-BHASHINI 'Anuvaad' AI translation tool; Centre names 28 places in Ladakh for the Survey of India map; Annual Survey of Industries 2024-25; RELIEF export insurance extended to March 2027; Jawahar Dweep becomes India's first plastic-free oil terminal; record melt at Aletsch Glacier; Akash missiles exported to Tajikistan and Turkmenistan; Bimal N. Patel sworn in as ITLOS judge; ILO Convention 193 on platform work; Asian Games golds in women's hockey and boxing; Telangana's RTC–Metro common pass; Caterpillar unit at Sri City.
1. Polity & Governance
Gujarat Uniform Civil Code Act, 2026 gets the President's Assent
Why in news: President Droupadi Murmu gave her assent to the Gujarat Uniform Civil Code Bill, 2026 on 17 September 2026. The Act was published in the Gujarat Government Gazette on 1 October 2026. With this, Gujarat becomes the second state, after Uttarakhand, to make a Uniform Civil Code (UCC) law.
Key facts
- Passed by Assembly: The Gujarat Legislative Assembly passed the Bill on 24 March 2026 after a debate of more than seven hours.
- What it covers: One common set of civil rules for all religions on marriage, divorce, succession (inheritance), maintenance and live-in relationships.
- Who is excluded: Scheduled Tribes (notified under Article 342) and groups whose customary rights are protected under Part XXI of the Constitution are kept outside the law.
- Registration: Marriages must be registered within 60 days (fine up to ₹10,000). Live-in relationships must be registered within one month (penalty ₹10,000 to ₹25,000).
- In force?: Not yet. The Act will come into force on the date the Gujarat government notifies, after it frames the rules.
- Other states: Uttarakhand's UCC came into force on 27 January 2025 — the first state after Independence. Assam (27 May 2026) and Madhya Pradesh (21 July 2026) have also passed UCC Bills in their Assemblies.
Why the President, not the Governor?
- Concurrent List: Marriage, divorce, adoption, wills and succession are in Entry 5 of List III (Concurrent List) of the Seventh Schedule. Both Parliament and state legislatures can make laws on them.
- Article 200: When a state Bill reaches the Governor, the Governor can give assent, withhold assent, return it for reconsideration (not a Money Bill), or reserve it for the President's consideration.
- Article 254(2): If a state law on a Concurrent List subject clashes with an earlier central law, the state law prevails in that state only if it was reserved for the President and received the President's assent.
UPSC Completes 100 Years
Why in news: The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) completed 100 years on 1 October 2026. Its year-long centenary closed with 'Shatabdi Samaroh – Manthan' at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi (30 September–1 October 2026), which the Prime Minister addressed.
Key facts
- Released: A centenary commemorative coin, a postage stamp and the book '100 Landmark Judgements'.
- Origin: The Public Service Commission was set up on 1 October 1926, on the recommendation of the Lee Commission (1924). Its first Chairman was Sir Ross Barker.
- Name changes: It became the Federal Public Service Commission under the Government of India Act, 1935, and the Union Public Service Commission on 26 January 1950.
- Present Chairman: Dr. Ajay Kumar (since 15 May 2025).
CAG-BHASHINI 'Anuvaad' — AI Translation Tool
Why in news: On 30 September 2026, the office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) launched 'CAG-BHASHINI Anuvaad', an artificial-intelligence tool to translate official and audit documents into Indian languages. It was launched at CAG headquarters, New Delhi, at the close of Hindi Pakhwada 2026.
Key facts
- Developed by: The Digital India BHASHINI Division of the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY).
- How it works: AI makes the first translation; officers check it (human oversight) before use.
- BHASHINI: BHASHINI (BHASHa INterface for India) is India's AI language platform under the National Language Translation Mission. It supports 36 Indian languages for text and 23 for voice.
- Present CAG: K. Sanjay Murthy.
2. Geography & Places in News
Centre Names 28 Places and Features in Ladakh for the Survey of India Map
Why in news: On 1 October 2026, the Ministry of Home Affairs said the Centre, in consultation with the Union Territory of Ladakh, has identified 28 places and geographical features in Ladakh by standard names. These names will be shown on the official Survey of India map, for accurate identification and public awareness.
Some of the 28 names
- Peaks: Zorawar Peak, Kanishka Peak, Atisha Giri, Martand Giri, Rinchen Zangpo, Milarepa Kangri, Shiva Ri, Maheshvara Ri.
- Glaciers: Skamri and Parpik.
- Passes: Chapchingal and Shachmirk.
- Valley, river, lake: Shkorga Valley, Yangpa River and Guru Rinpoche (lake).
- Others: Gogra (a land area) and Hot Spring (a water body) are two separate entries; Dehra Compass and Kumarayana Point are also named.
UN Rights Office Urges the US to Address the Marshall Islands' Nuclear Legacy
Why in news: On 1 October 2026, the UN Human Rights Office (OHCHR) presented its report to the Human Rights Council in Geneva on the effects of US nuclear testing in the Marshall Islands. It said the harm is 'severe and lasting' and passes across generations, and asked the US to provide health care and declassify all records on the nuclear legacy.
Key facts
- Tests: The US carried out 67 nuclear tests in the Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958, at Bikini and Enewetak atolls, when the islands were a UN Trust Territory. The biggest was 'Castle Bravo' at Bikini in 1954.
- Report: It is OHCHR's second report on this subject (A/HRC/63/76). It found raised cancer rates, displacement from contaminated islands and 'no just settlement of claims'.
- US view: The US says a full and final settlement was reached in 1986 and that it still funds medical care and environmental monitoring.
3. Economy & Trade
Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) 2024-25
Why in news: On 30 September 2026, the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) released the results of the Annual Survey of Industries 2024-25. It measures the number of factories, output, Gross Value Added (GVA) and employment in India's organised manufacturing sector.
All-India highlights
- Period: Reference year 2024-25 (April 2024–March 2025); fieldwork was done from October 2025 to June 2026.
- Factories: Rose from 2.60 lakh to 2.67 lakh (up 2.64%).
- GVA: Rose 9.59%, from ₹24.58 lakh crore to ₹26.94 lakh crore. Output grew 7.81%.
- Employment: Persons engaged rose 7.19%, from 1.96 crore to 2.10 crore (over 14 lakh more).
- Top industries: By GVA: basic metals, motor vehicles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and food products (together over 45%). Food products employ the most people.
ASI 2024-25 — top states| Measure | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
|---|
| Number of factories | Tamil Nadu (41,221) | Gujarat (33,084) | Maharashtra (27,379) |
| Share of manufacturing GVA | Maharashtra (15.92%) | Gujarat (14.10%) | Tamil Nadu (10.90%) |
| Share of employment | Tamil Nadu (14.99%) | Maharashtra (13.08%) | Gujarat (12.99%) |
RELIEF Export Insurance Support Extended to 31 March 2027
Why in news: Through a notification dated 30 September 2026, the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) extended the eligibility period of Component II of the RELIEF scheme till 31 March 2027. It helps exporters whose shipments to West Asia were hit by the crisis in the region.
Key facts
- Full form: RELIEF = Resilience and Logistics Intervention for Export Facilitation.
- Launched: 19 March 2026, under the Export Promotion Mission of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
- Component II: Export credit insurance through ECGC: cover up to 95% of the eligible loss (normally 85–90%), with no rise in premium beyond pre-crisis levels.
- Countries: Gulf and West Asian destinations such as the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait, Bahrain, Iraq, Iran and Yemen; Egypt and Jordan were added later.
4. Environment & Ecology
Jawahar Dweep: India's First Plastic-Free Oil Terminal
Why in news: On 2 October 2026 (Gandhi Jayanti), the Mumbai Port Authority declared its Jawahar Dweep Marine Oil Terminal India's first plastic-free oil terminal. It was announced at the Swachhata Abhiyan 2026 event at Indira Dock, Mumbai, in the presence of Union Ports, Shipping and Waterways Minister Sarbananda Sonowal.
Key facts
- Why: The terminal cut out single-use plastics in its operations, keeping the port area cleaner and safer for the sea.
- Location: Jawahar Dweep is an island in Mumbai harbour, earlier called Butcher Island. It has five oil jetties and handles crude oil and petroleum products.
- Also on 2 Oct: Oil-spill response facilities of the port were dedicated to the nation.
Record Melt at Aletsch Glacier; Swiss Glaciers Lose 5.5% of Ice in 2026
Why in news: A report released on 1 October 2026 by GLAMOS (Glacier Monitoring Switzerland) and the Swiss Academy of Sciences said Swiss glaciers lost 5.5% of their volume in 2026 — the second-largest loss on record, after 2022. The Aletsch Glacier had its biggest melt ever recorded.
Key facts
- Aletsch: The largest glacier in the Alps, in the Bernese Alps of Switzerland; part of the Jungfrau-Aletsch UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its ice thinned by 13 metres at the lowest measuring point.
- 2022–2026: Switzerland lost about one-fifth (20%) of its glacier ice in five years — more than twice as fast as in any earlier five-year period.
- Lost glaciers: About 30 small glaciers disappeared, including the Plattalva Glacier in Glarus.
National Wildlife Week 2026 (2–8 October)
Why in news: National Wildlife Week is being observed from 2 to 8 October 2026 with the theme 'Connecting Habitats, Thriving Wildlife', which stresses wildlife corridors and human–wildlife coexistence. On 2 October, Union Environment Minister Bhupender Yadav marked the start with the release of a Royal Bengal tigress into the Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal.
Key facts
- Buxa: The tigress was brought from the Valmiki Tiger Reserve, Bihar — the first step of a phased plan to bring tigers back to Buxa.
- Great Indian Bustard: A Great Indian Bustard was also released in the Thar Desert, Rajasthan, on the same day.
- History: The week has been observed since 1952, an initiative of the Indian Board for Wildlife.
5. Defence & International Bodies
Akash Missile System Exported to Tajikistan and Turkmenistan
Why in news: On 1 October 2026, Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh confirmed that India has exported the indigenous Akash air defence missile system to Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. These are India's first confirmed defence sales to Central Asia.
About Akash
- Type: A medium-range surface-to-air missile (SAM) with a range of about 25–30 km; it can hit fighter jets, cruise missiles, helicopters and drones. Akash-NG reaches about 50 km.
- Made by: Designed by DRDO (DRDL, Hyderabad); produced by Bharat Dynamics Limited (Hyderabad) and Bharat Electronics Limited (Bengaluru).
- First buyer: Armenia was the first foreign customer (contract 2022, deliveries from late 2024).
- Record year: In 2025-26, India's defence production reached a record ₹1.78 lakh crore and defence exports a record ₹38,424 crore.
Bimal N. Patel Sworn In as Judge of ITLOS
Why in news: Indian legal scholar Bimal N. Patel took oath as a judge of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) in Hamburg, Germany, on 1 October 2026. His nine-year term runs from 2026 to 2035. He succeeds India's previous judge, Neeru Chadha, whose term ended in September 2026.
Key facts
- Election: Elected on 19 June 2026 at the 36th Meeting of States Parties to UNCLOS in New York, with 115 of 168 valid votes.
- Who he is: Vice-Chancellor of Rashtriya Raksha University and a member of the UN International Law Commission; earlier Director of Gujarat National Law University.
- ITLOS: Set up under UNCLOS to settle disputes on the law of the sea. It has 21 independent judges elected for nine years. Seat: Hamburg, Germany.
6. Social Sector & Labour
ILO Convention No. 193 on Decent Work in the Platform Economy
Why in news: ILO Convention No. 193 (C193) — the Decent Work in the Platform Economy Convention, 2026 — is in focus as the first international labour standard made specially for platform (gig) workers such as delivery and ride-hailing workers. It was adopted on 12 June 2026, the last day of the 114th International Labour Conference in Geneva (1–12 June 2026).
Key facts
- Vote: 406 votes for, 8 against and 36 abstentions.
- Who it covers: More than 150 million platform workers worldwide.
- Binding?: It binds only the countries that ratify it.
- No Recommendation: The planned companion Recommendation was not adopted; it was sent to a future conference.
Akhil Bharatiya Mahila Kisan Sammelan in New Delhi
Why in news: The Bharatiya Kisan Sangh (BKS) held the Akhil Bharatiya Mahila Kisan Sammelan (All India Women Farmers' Conference) on 30 September 2026 at the Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium, New Delhi, marking the UN International Year of the Woman Farmer 2026.
Key facts
- Main demand: Recognise women as farmers in society and in law — not only as unpaid family helpers — with land rights and easier access to credit.
- Honours: Outstanding women farmers were honoured for organic farming, seed conservation, animal husbandry and food processing.
Tamil Nadu Expands 'Vetri Payanam' Free Bus Travel
Why in news: On 2 October 2026, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Vijay launched the expanded 'Vetri Payanam' free bus travel scheme for women and transgender persons in Chennai. It now covers 12,692 buses of 7 state transport corporations, with about 84.32 lakh beneficiaries.
- What's new: Express, LSS and Deluxe buses in metro and urban areas, ordinary buses between districts and ordinary hill-area buses beyond 40 km are now included, with no income limit and no limit on trips.
7. Sports — Asian Games 2026
Indian Women's Hockey Team Wins Asian Games Gold after 44 Years
Why in news: On 2 October 2026, India's women's hockey team beat defending champions China 1-0 in the final of the 20th Asian Games at Aichi-Nagoya, Japan. It is India's first women's hockey gold at the Asian Games since New Delhi 1982, and it gives the team direct qualification for the Los Angeles 2028 Olympics.
- Goal: Lalremsiami Hmarzote scored in the 10th minute — in her 200th international match.
- Save: Goalkeeper Savita Punia saved a penalty stroke before half-time. Captain: Salima Tete.
Lovlina Borgohain Wins Asian Games Boxing Gold
Why in news: On 2 October 2026 (her 29th birthday), Lovlina Borgohain won gold in the women's 75 kg boxing at the Asian Games, beating Bao Ziyi of China 5-0 in the final. She became the second Indian woman boxer to win Asian Games gold, after Mary Kom (Incheon 2014).
- Semi-final: She beat reigning world champion Natalya Bogdanova of Kazakhstan 3-2.
- Who she is: From Assam; won bronze at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics.
India's Final Day and Medal Tally
Why in news: The 20th Asian Games (19 September–4 October 2026) ended for India with 85 medals — 21 gold, 27 silver and 37 bronze — and fourth place. It is India's second-best Asian Games haul, after 107 medals at Hangzhou 2023.
India's golds on 3 October 2026| Event | Winner / result |
|---|
| Men's hockey | India beat Malaysia 5-1 |
| Men's cricket | India beat Pakistan in the final |
| Wrestling, men's freestyle 57 kg | Aman Sehrawat |
| Golf, women's individual | Pranavi Urs (women's team won silver) |
8. Telangana Focus
RTC–Metro Common Pass Launched in Hyderabad
Why in news: On 2 October 2026, Deputy Chief Minister Mallu Bhatti Vikramarka launched a common travel pass for Hyderabad Metro Rail and TGSRTC city buses. One pass now lets commuters use both metro trains and city buses.
Key facts
- Monthly pass: ₹8,500 (₹7,000 for Metro + ₹1,500 for RTC).
- Daily pass: ₹400 (₹300 for Metro + ₹100 for RTC).
- Where valid: Hyderabad Metro Rail and TGSRTC city buses within the Outer Ring Road (ORR) limits — except Pushpak (airport) buses.
- Where to buy: At all Metro stations.
9. Andhra Pradesh Focus
Caterpillar to Set Up a ₹150-crore Unit at Sri City
Why in news: US company Caterpillar Inc., a Fortune 500 firm, will set up a new manufacturing unit at Sri City in Tirupati district with an investment of ₹150 crore. State approvals have been given, and production is planned by December 2028.
- Products: Heavy construction and mining equipment such as bulldozers, wheel loaders, mining trucks and excavation machinery.
- In India: It will be Caterpillar's second plant in this line in India; the first is in Tamil Nadu.
- AP policy: AP's Industrial Development Policy 2024-29 aims to attract USD 10 billion of foreign direct investment in five years.
10. Quick Revision — One-Liners
Practice questions with answers
With reference to the Gujarat Uniform Civil Code Act, 2026, consider the following statements:
- The President gave assent to the Bill on 17 September 2026.
- Gujarat is the first state after Independence to enact a Uniform Civil Code.
- Scheduled Tribes are kept outside the scope of the law.
- 1 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (B) 1 and 3 only
Explanation: Statements 1 and 3 are correct. Statement 2 is wrong: Uttarakhand was the first state after Independence (its UCC came into force on 27 January 2025); Gujarat is the second.
With reference to the Annual Survey of Industries 2024-25, consider the following statements:
- Tamil Nadu has the highest number of factories.
- Maharashtra has the highest share of manufacturing Gross Value Added.
- The survey is released by the Reserve Bank of India.
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (A) 1 and 2 only
Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct: Tamil Nadu has 41,221 factories and Maharashtra has 15.92% of manufacturing GVA. Statement 3 is wrong: the ASI is released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI).
With reference to ILO Convention No. 193, consider the following statements:
- It is the first international labour standard made specially for the platform economy.
- It was adopted together with a companion Recommendation.
- It automatically binds all member countries of the ILO.
- 1 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (A) 1 only
Explanation: Only statement 1 is correct. The planned Recommendation was not adopted and was sent to a future conference, and a convention binds only the countries that ratify it.
With reference to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), consider the following statements:
- It has its seat in The Hague, Netherlands.
- It has 21 judges, each elected for a term of nine years.
- Bimal N. Patel of India took oath as its judge on 1 October 2026.
- 1 and 2 only
- 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
Answer: (C) 2 and 3 only
Explanation: Statements 2 and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is wrong: ITLOS sits in Hamburg, Germany. The Hague is the seat of the International Court of Justice.
Consider the Assertion (A) and Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The Gujarat Uniform Civil Code Bill, 2026 needed the President's assent to be valid in the state.
Reason (R): Marriage, divorce and succession are in the Concurrent List, and under Article 254(2) a state law that clashes with a central law prevails in the state only if it gets the President's assent.
- Both A and R are true, and R explains A
- Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
- A is true, R is false
- A is false, R is true
Answer: (A) Both A and R are true, and R explains A
Explanation: Both are true and R explains A. Personal-law subjects are in Entry 5 of the Concurrent List; existing central laws (such as the Hindu Marriage Act) cover them, so the state law needed the President's assent under Article 254(2) to prevail in Gujarat.
Consider the Assertion (A) and Reason (R):
Assertion (A): The Aletsch Glacier recorded its biggest melt ever in 2026.
Reason (R): In 2026, Swiss glaciers as a whole had their largest volume loss on record.
- Both A and R are true, and R explains A
- Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
- A is true, R is false
- A is false, R is true
Answer: (C) A is true, R is false
Explanation: A is true: Aletsch thinned by 13 m at its lowest point, its biggest melt recorded. R is false: Swiss glaciers lost 5.5% in 2026, the second-largest loss after 2022.
Match the newly named place in Ladakh with the type of feature:
| List I | List II |
|---|
| A. Zorawar | 1. Glacier |
| B. Skamri | 2. Lake |
| C. Chapchingal | 3. Peak |
| D. Guru Rinpoche | 4. Pass |
- A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
- A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
- A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
- A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
Answer: (D) A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
Explanation: Zorawar is a peak, Skamri a glacier, Chapchingal a pass and Guru Rinpoche a lake. Hence A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2.
Match the person with the office held (October 2026):
| List I | List II |
|---|
| A. Bimal N. Patel | 1. Chairman, UPSC |
| B. K. Sanjay Murthy | 2. Defence Secretary |
| C. Dr. Ajay Kumar | 3. Judge, ITLOS |
| D. Rajesh Kumar Singh | 4. Comptroller and Auditor General |
- A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
- A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
- A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
- A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
Answer: (C) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
Explanation: Bimal N. Patel is an ITLOS judge; K. Sanjay Murthy is the CAG; Dr. Ajay Kumar chairs the UPSC; Rajesh Kumar Singh is the Defence Secretary (also holding additional charge of DRDO). Hence A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2.
India's first plastic-free oil terminal, Jawahar Dweep, belongs to which port authority?
- Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority
- Mumbai Port Authority
- Deendayal Port Authority
- Mormugao Port Authority
Answer: (B) Mumbai Port Authority
Explanation: The Jawahar Dweep Marine Oil Terminal, on an island in Mumbai harbour once called Butcher Island, belongs to the Mumbai Port Authority. It was declared plastic-free on 2 October 2026.
What is the price of the monthly RTC–Metro common pass launched in Hyderabad on 2 October 2026?
- ₹5,500
- ₹7,000
- ₹8,500
- ₹10,000
Answer: (C) ₹8,500
Explanation: The monthly pass costs ₹8,500 (₹7,000 Metro + ₹1,500 RTC); a daily pass costs ₹400. It is valid within ORR limits, except on Pushpak buses.